Breadboard? You mean like, something you slice bread on? No, we are talking about a revolutionary little piece of equipment that is the foundation of every prototype. Without this perforated piece of plastic magic, creative technologists and makers would not be able to test their ideas and explore the full potential of electronic components. It may seem like a simple concept, however, beneath all the holes is a complex system of metal clips. Before we jump into the inner workings of the breadboard, let’s first get into the “what” of this beloved device.

What is a breadboard?

A breadboard is a device that was created by Ronald J. Portugal in 1971. It allows you to create circuits with or without the need to solder. Breadboarding is the basis of electronics prototyping, and the beauty truly lies in its reusable nature. Breadboards have anywhere from 400 to 900 points (holes) and around 56 to 65 rows of connectors, with each row containing two sets of connected clips. We have come a long way from hammering nails into a wooden board and gluing components! There are two distinct types of breadboards which we will get into later: solderable and solderless. Each have their own unique set of qualities and capabilities, as well as downsides.

How To use a breadboard

As mentioned earlier, breadboards are made up of rows of small metal clips. When a component lead is pressed into each of the holes, the clip grabs onto it. Components are placed on the terminal strips in the middle of the board and the outer rows, called power rails, distribute the power and ground connections for the circuit. If you wish to connect components on opposite sides of the breadboard circuit, it is best to connect buses with jumper wires. Keep in mind that breadboards typically vary in labeling, so set up for one board may not be the exact same for another; especially if you are talking about solderless versus solderable. Some solderable boards do not match the power rails on the solderless versions, or the number of holes in each row of the terminal strips may be different. It’s entirely dependent on the make and model you are working with.

Why you should use a breadboard

Breadboards are an easy way to create circuits with electronic components, and they are ideal for planning a PCB (Printed Circuit Board) design. They help you to test an electronic circuit, and tell you were components need to go and how they should be connected. Like a blueprint is for a building design, a breadboard is for an electronic prototype. Overall, breadboards help you correct potentially costly mistakes early in the prototyping process before you create the PCB and install it inside a product. It is a crucial step that not only saves money, but precious time and resources as well. Whether you are prototyping at home or in a professional lab, the breadboard is, quite simply, a necessity.

Solderable vs. solderless breadboards

Solderless breadboards are temporary in nature and are the most used variety. They do not require soldering (hence the name) and are usually used to test a circuit’s functionality before finalizing on a PCB. Issues can be remedied quickly, but components can move around easily. However, this can be a positive, as the ability to move components can make for easier correction. The main issue with solderless breadboards is the connections tend to have a higher resistance, which can interfere with the circuit’s performance. That being said, solderless breadboards are a highly customizable option that is best for beginner prototypers.

Solderable breadboards are more permanent, and more secure. They are also more polished looking and much cheaper than solderless breadboards. Setup can be tedious though, and issues can be time consuming to fix as components must be desoldered; this can cause damage to components if you are not careful. Additionally, solderable breadboards cannot be used again like solderless breadboards. So, while they may be a less expensive option, it can become a costly option should you need to start your project over.

Should you be looking to purchase a breadboard, we highly recommend purchasing yours from Sparkfun or Digikey. However, they can be found through any supplier of electronic components.

Also, here are some helpful resources to help you get started on your breadboarding journey:

How To Use A Breadboard - Sparkfun

Breadboard Tips and Tricks - Adafruit

Guide to Solderless Breadboards – Proto Supplies

Solderable Breadboard Hookup Guide

And remember; have fun!